Dwire+Science+May

Part 1:

(pre-lesson part 1: Dump lots of water outside. Have students see water, trace outline around water, come inside and give lesson. After lesson, go and observe puddle of water, notice changes.) (pre-lesson part 2: Show student's unlit candle, then light the candle and leave during lesson. Show again at end of lesson, have students notice hot wax, heat, etc.)

This month for science we are going to talk about energy.

This is the Sun. It may look more familiar like this though...



Before we get into the lesson, it's important that we go over some key terms.

Energy is the power to cause change

Heat is a kind of energy that makes things warm

When things melt, they change from a solid to a liquid

When things evaporate, they change from a liquid to a gas

Again, energy is the power to cause change.

Heat is a kind of energy that makes things warm. Heat from the Sun warms Earth's land,

air,

and water.

Heat comes from other places too. Fire gives off heat.

So does a lit stove or a burning candle.

Rubbing things together can make them give off heat too. Let's try rubbing our hands together and see if we can feel the heat it gives off. What happens if we blow hot air into our hands?

media type="youtube" key="F35WoCsP9Vk" width="727" height="407"

How does heat from the Sun change things? (Heat from the Sun makes things warmer)

What happens when you rub your hands together? (They get warm)

If you are cold, what is a way that you would get warm? (Move to a sunny spot, rub hands together, put on a jacket)

Heat can make matter change form. Some solids melt when they are heated. To melt is to change from a solid to a liquid. Ice is a solid. It melts when it gets warm. The ice changes from a solid to a liquid.

Heat can melt ice cream.

Why are the candles melting? (Heat from the fire is changing the solid candle to a liquid) Heat can make a liquid evaporate. To evaporate is to change from a liquid to a gas. Water evaporates when it is heated. You cannot see water when it is a gas.

Let's test this out on the stove with ice. What do you think will happen?

(after, have students check out candle and puddle outside)

Part 2:

(Have students observe you putting ice and water in a glass/pitcher)

Last week we talked about energy and heat.

Can someone tell me what he does?

This week we are going to talk about cooling, which is the opposite of heat. The air gets cooler when the sun goes down.

Cooling can make matter change forms. It can make liquids freeze.



To freeze is to change from a liquid to a solid.

Which is colder, the juice or the ice? (the ice is colder)

In winter, the temperature drops. The air and water are cold. The water in a pond changes from a liquid to a solid. In the fall, the water in the pond is liquid.

In winter, the water on top of the pond is solid.

Why does a pond freeze in winter? (A pond freezes in winter because the water gets very cold)

What does water become when it freezes? (solid, ice)

Cooling makes gases change to liquids. When water is a gas, it is a water vapor. There is water vapor in your breathe. On a cold day, water vapor in your breathe changes to liquid. Water vapor from a kettle.

Water vapor from a human.

Water vapor from a moose. Cold air changes the water vapor in the animals breathe from a gas to a liquid.

Drops of water form when water vapor in the air cools. Drops of water from outside of the bottle from the water vapors cooling. Water also forms from water vapors outside of the shower.

Why do drops of water form when you breathe on a cold window?

(have students breathe on a glass or mirror to see water vapors form)

(Have students observe the glass filled with water and ice)

Part 3: (get drink powder/Crystal Light and jar/pitcher of water) (locate magnet)

This week for science we going to talk about mixtures. Before we do, it's important to know a few key words. A mixture is two or more kinds of matter put together.



When things dissolve, they mix completely.

Some mixtures are all solids.



You have a mixture when you make a sandwich.



What are are some of the solids that make up this mixture? (bread, cheese, tomatoes, pickles, lettuce, meat)

Mixtures can be taken apart. You can take parts of your sandwich. You can use a magnet to pull iron or steel from some mixtures.



You can make a mixture with solids and liquids. Some solids dissolve or mix completely in.



Sugar dissolves in water. You cannot see it, but it is there. This drink mix is dissolving into the water. media type="youtube" key="SNUF2JSLpb4?rel=0" width="756" height="563"

You can mix a liquid and a gas. A fish tank has a mixture of liquid and gas. The water in the tank is liquid and the bubbles are air. Air is a gas. Air bubbles mix with the water.

1) What is a mixture? (two or more kinds of matter put together)

2) Are toys in a toy box a mixture? (Yes, the toys are a mixture. They are two or more kinds of matter. The parts can be separated.)

3) What happens to sugar when you mix it with water? (it dissolves) (show students with "Crystal Light) (prep for next week lesson by video tape students filling up ice trays)

Part 4:

(start by showing students video of them making ice cubes) (take ice cubes out of tray and place on a plate or in a clear glass so students can see ice changing back into water)

Over the past few weeks we have talked about how matter can change when mix with other types of matter, heat, or the cold.Let's review the previous lessons. (briefly review the previous lessons)

Today we are going to talk about a reversible change or a change that can be undone. Some changes are reversible.

Crayons can be melted down...

and then re-molded again.





Water can be frozen and turn into ice... and then melted again into water. 1) How are melting and freezing alike or the same? (both are reversible changes)

Other changes are not reversible.

When wood burns, it stays burned.

Once an egg is cooked...

You can't un-cook it.

(Have students observe the ice that has melted back down into water) (Have students crack and cook an egg to see an irreversible change)