Dwire+April+Science

Last week we played with blue ice. We made ice cubes, put them in two different cups (one with alcohol and the other with water), and then watched how they took different forms over time. Is there something you can tell me that you remember from that?

This month for science we are going to talk about the things we saw with the blue ice and why it did what it did. We are going to talk about what a solid, liquid, and gas is.

Before we do, let's go over some of the vocabulary that we are going to use.

Matter, what all things are made of.

Properties, an object's color, shape, size, and texture.

Solid, matter that has its own size and shape.

media type="youtube" key="vrPSfSq1_rA" height="438" width="784" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrPSfSq1_rA&feature=fvwp&NR=1

Why do you think the ice was falling in the video?

Matter is what all things are made of. Solids, liquids, and gases are all matter.

Solid

Liquid

Gas (steam from volcano)

A solid is matter that has it's own size and shape. Rocks and bikes are solids. A solid keeps its shape until you do something to change it. You can cut, ben, or break a solid to change it's shape.



What solids do you see in this picture?

How do you know that the object is a solid? (The object keeps its shape unless I do something to change it.)

1) **(Hold up a piece of paper to the students) "A piece of paper is a solid. Can I change it's shape? How?"*** (tear, fold, cut, crumble into a ball, etc.)

2) (pass out piece of paper to students and have them change it's shape).

Different solids have different properties. Color, shape, size, and texture are properties. A balloon can be red or yellow.

Slippers can be soft and fuzzy.

Pencils can be made of wood or plastic.



In one picture we have a feather and in the other we have a ball. Which one is soft? Which one is smooth? (have students who are non-ambulatory walk up to the pictures and point).

Other properties tell what solids do. Clay can stretch and bend. Crayons break. Plastic blocks float in water.

Some solids let light through.

Looking at this ball again, what are the properties that you can see? (color, shape, size, and texture) (pass play-dough, yellow foam balls, and other solids around for the students to share and explore).

Part 2:

Last week we talked about solid objects. A solid is matter that has it's own shape and size.

An example of a solid is... coins

an apple

marbles

ice

Again, a solid is matter that has it's own shape and size. It won't change unless we make it. There are plenty of things that are solids. Can you point to a solid in this picture?

This week, we are going to talk about liquid.

What is a liquid? Liquid is a matter that flows and takes the shape of it's container. Matter is what all things are made of, liquid is a type of matter.

You can pour water. You can pour milk and juice.

Water, milk, and juice are all liquids. Again, a liquid is matter that flows and takes the shape of it's container.

Do you think it's possible to change the shape of liquid? (Yes, by pouring it into a container that has a different shape).

A solid has it's own shape.

A liquid does not have it's own shape.



Ocean water is a liquid. Like other liquids, it changes as it flows.



How are solids and liquids different? (Solids have their own shape. Liquids take the shape of the container they are in.)

Different liquids may have different properties or characteristics. Liquids may be different in color. Milk is white, grape juice is purple.



Liquids may also feel different. Honey feels sticky while cooking oil feels slippery.



Liquids can taste different. Lemon juice tastes sour while apple juice tastes sweet.

Liquids also smell different. Perfume may smell like flowers and clean water has no smell at all.



1) (Pour some honey in front of the students. Then pour some milk.) How are the properties of milk and honey different? (Milk is white and flows quickly, honey is yellow and flows slowly.)

2) (pour water from pitcher into various size/shape containers. let students see how the water takes the shape of the container. pour milk and orange juice as well. let the students smell the different liquids.)

3) (show students a solid object and a glass of water. ask which is a solid/liquid. have students give characteristics, compare/contrast)

Part 3:

Last week we talked about liquids. What can you tell me about a liquid?



A liquid will take the shape of the container it is in, but a liquid may not fill the container.

This week we are going to talk about another type of matter called gas.

A gas is matter that spreads out to fill all the space it is in. A gas always fills a closed container but will come out when the container is open.

Air fills the bubble and air is a type of gas. What do you think will happen if this bubble is popped? (The air will leave)

Gases are all around you. The air you breathe is a gas.



When you blow up a balloon, you fill it with gas.



Even though you can't see the gas, you can feel it come out if you poke a hole in it.

What can you tell me about gas? (A gas spreads out to fill a container. A gas can sometimes change the shape of it's container.)

Different gases can do different things. Living things use air to stay alive (and air is a type of gas). Some gases are used to cook food.

One kind of gas can heat a home and another can make a balloon rise.

1) What is a gas? (Gas is matter that changes it's shape to fill all the space it is in).

2) What kind of gas do living things need to stay alive? (air)

3) What are some ways we use gas? (Breathing, cooking, heating a home, filling balloons).

(if there is time, do blue ice experiment again or just blue ice cube in water and observe changes)

(Do worksheet)