VHS+Science+Lesson+09

Today we are going to learn about the way living things interact with each other and the environment. What do you know about this place by looking at the pictures? Have you ever been to a place like this? What do you think there is to eat in this place?

(notice the clothes they wear, the houses, the iceberg on the back)

All living things share Earth and depend on each other.

1) In an ecosystem, living things interact with each other to live and reproduce.

They cooperate together...

They hunt... They pollinate (**Pollination ** is the process by which [|pollen]  is transferred from the anther (male part) to the stigma (female part) of the [|plant] )



And they compete...

2) Living things get energy and nutrients from the food they eat.

The nutrients move through the ecosystems in cycles.

= Think About Systems = A system is a set of parts that work together as one.

Are we part of a system? How so?

An animals digestive system has many parts that work together.

All the parts of the digestive system help the animal get energy from food. When you think about systems, ask yourself these questions:

1) What parts make up the system?

2) What job does the system have?

3) What happens if one of the parts is missing or doesn't work?

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= Biomes =

A biome is a large area where certain kinds of plants and animals live together. The kinds of plants that can grow in a biome depend on it's climate. A forest. Tall, sturdy plants grow in the forest biome.

Grassland. Grasses, with their tony flowers, grow in the grassland biome.

Marine. Oceans are marine biomes.

Freshwater. Plants like water lilies grow in freshwater biomes.

Desert. In the desert biome, desert plants have think skins to store water.

Tundra. Plants in the tundra biome grow close to the ground because of the cold.

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In an ecosystem (an environment and everything that lives in it), all living things interact with each other and the environment. Through nutrient cycles, living things get the energy they need to stay alive.



An ecosystem is made up of an environment and everything that lives in it. Think about a desert. Many individual desert plants and animals live there. Each is a member of it's own species, which is a group of similar living things that can reproduce.





Desert species can survive in the hot, dry climate. The populations of each species in a single environment make up a community.

Part 2:

Earth's ecosystems include oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen. Each of these nutrients moves in a cycle from living things to nonliving things and back again.



To stay alive, living things depend on the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in an ecosystem. During the day, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and give back oxygen. Living things in the oceans take in carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen. Humans and other animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The life supporting nutrients do not get used up since they are going back and forth in the cycle.

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All living things take in nutrients to stay alive. The energy in the food makes it possible for animals and plants to grow.





Earth's energy comes from sunlight. Plants change the energy of sunlight into food so that all members of the community can eat.

Plants are the first food-makers, or producers, in an ecosystem. They use sunlight to make different kinds of sugar. When they need energy to grow, they use their stored sugar.



Animals cannot make food from sunlight.

They need to get food from plants, which makes animals consumers.



A food chain is a model of how energy moves from plants to consumer animals. A food chain is all about eating and being eaten. A single ecosystem can have many food chains. Some chains even turn into food webs.



When a member of one food chain eats a member of another food chain, that chain connects and it becomes a web.

Ecosystems contain many food chains and food webs. In this way, all living things depend on each other. Every individual in the ecosystem helps all the others live and survive.

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