VHS+Science+Lesson+03

= Rocks =

Today we are going to learn about 3 kinds of rock and how they form. But first, check this out...

What does this remind you of?

When have you seen or visited a place like this?

What do you think made these rocks?

Rock can form on Earth or below it's surface. Earth has 3 kinds of rock.



Each kind of rock can turn into another kind. The rock cycle shows how rock changes.

Igneous rock forms in Earth's crust when magma cools and hardens.



Sedimentary rock forms on Earth's surface when bits and pieces of rock and other things get stuck together.





Metamorphic rock is formed when any rock is changed by heat and pressure within Earth.





Let's look at the rock cycle again.



Sedimentary is a word that relates to sediment, or small pieces of rock, shell, and bone. Sedimentary rock is made of small pieces of rock that get pressed together over millions of years. This happens on the surface of the Earth. Igneous is a word that relates to fire. Igneous rock is made of melted rock that cools and hardens. This usually happens on or near the surface of the Earth. Metamorphic is a word that relates to change. Metamorphic rock comes from the actions of heat and pressure on other kinds of rock. This always happens deep inside Earth.

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(make rice crispie treats)

Part 2:

(make rice crispie treats)

(re-watch video for review).

Rock forms deep inside the Earth. Rock also forms on Earth's surface. It can form on dry land as well as under ocean water.

Water, wind, and ice can break rock into pieces. They can carry the pieces to new places. Volcanoes add new rock to Earth's crust. Heat melts hard rock into magma. The magma rises and lava flows from the volcano. The lava cools and hardens into rock.

This melted rock is so hot that it glows red and orange.

Lava cools when it meets the air. The surface of this lava is black and crusty.







The black rock on this beach formed when lava flowed into cold water. The lava cooled so fast that it exploded into pieces.

There are volcanoes under the oceans. Magma rises, lava flows out and cools, and more magma rises behind it. This process is called seafloor spreading. Seafloor spreading makes new rocks on the ocean floor. = The Rock Cycle =

A cycle is a pattern of events that occurs over and over. The rock cycle is a pattern of events that change rock. The rock cycle is like a big circle.



You can start with sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock may change if it gets buried. Heat and pressure change it into metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock can melt and become magma. The magma cools and hardens. It is now igneous rock.

Sedimentary rock can also melt into magma. It can break apart and make new sedimentary rock. Igneous rock can turn into metamorphic rock. Any rock can break apart and become sedimentary rock. All of these processes usually take thousands of years.



A igneous/morphic rock...

A rice crispie treat with chocolate, carmel, and almonds :)

A better idea of how it looks...